Populism, Inequality and Institutions
PII
A project funded by the NORFACE Dynamics of Inequality Across the Life-course: structures and processes (DIAL) Programme
The Project
By contrast to the politically-dominant view that populism is primarily a consequence of immigration, Populism, Inequality and Institutions (PII) investigates the argument that the underlying driver is lifetime shifts in economic inequality, caused by on-going economic transformation through technological change and import competition. Our fundamental hypotheses are that the underlying dynamics of long-term economic structural transformation display similar patterns of change across advanced European countries. However, the pattern of populist attitudes may differ across countries, depending on how such long-term change can be mediated through institutions, education, retraining and upgrading; and how the effect of populist attitudes on politics is magnified via the configuration of electoral and party institutions. We address these hypotheses in comparative analysis combining theory with unique administrative and life-course data, combining insights from economics and political science. Research examining these hypotheses should have a major impact on rethinking education and training strategies and on how labour markets work.
Project Overview
Project Theme A
Wage Stagnation and Dynamic Inequalities
The project Theme Wage Stagnation and Dynamic Inequalities seeks to provide a cross-country perspective on wage growth trends, the winners and losers of job polarization, the dynamics of job displacement, and the role of home ownership in mitigating or exacerbating societal inequalities, over the past 25 years.
Project Theme B
Training, Retraining and Labour Market Institutions
Which policies can be implemented to mitigate the economic losses for the losers of technological change, trade expansion and globalization? This is the focus of the second project Theme Training, Retraining and Labour Market Institutions.
Project Theme C
Populism – A Life Cycle Approach
The development of populist attitudes is becoming a defining and deeply concerning aspect of contemporary society, and there are many different theories in the media and the academy of why it has come about. But there has been remarkably little work based on the life (and education, training and retraining and labour market) histories of populist identifiers.
Teams
London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
Professor David Soskice is leading the LSE team that contributes to Themes A1. Real Wage Stagnation, A4. Housing, B2. Apprenticeships, B3. Retraining, B4. Minimum Wages, C1 Life Course Identifiers of Populism and C2. Populist Attitudes, Party Reconfiguration and Political Systems. Other team members include Dr Jo Blanden, Professor Sara Hobolt, Professor Steven Machin and Professor Sandra McNally.
Centre for Research and Analysis of Migration (CReAM), UCL
Professor Uta Schönberg leads the CReAM team contributing to Themes A1. Real Wage Stagnation, A2. Winners and Losers, A3. Job Displacement, A4. Housing, B2. Apprenticeships, B4. Minimum wages, C1. Life Course Identifiers of Populism, C2. Populist Attitudes, Party Reconfiguration and Political Systems. Other team members include Professor Christian Dustmann, Professor Thomas Cornelissen, Dr Hyejin Ku and Dr Attila Lindner.
Swedish Institute for Social Research (SOFI), Stockholm University
Professor Anders Björklund leads the SOFI team that contributes to Themes A3. Job Displacement, B1. Upper Secondary Education, C1. Life Course Identifiers of Populism, C2. Populist Attitudes, Party Reconfiguration and Political Systems. Other team members include Professor Dan-Olof Rooth, Professor Markus Jäntti, Dr Anders Stenberg, Dr Jan Sauermann and Dr Magnus Carlsson.
Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
Dr Henning Finseraas leads the NTNU team and contributes to Themes A3. Job Displacement, C1. Life Course Identifiers of Populism and C2. Populist Attitudes, Party Reconfiguration and Political Systems. Other team members include Dr Øyvind Skorge.
Progress Meetings
April 2018 - Kick off Meeting
In April 2018 the PIs had a Skype meeting to signify the start of the project.
January 2019 - First Progress Meeting
In January 2019 the four teams met in London at a meeting hosted by University College London. The four PIs and their teams reported on their progress on the projects and took decisions on future events (Progress Meetings and Scientific Workshops).
March 2020 - Second Progress Meeting
In March 2020 the four teams met online to report on their progress on the projects and decide on future events (Progress Meetings and Scientific Workshops).
September 2020 - Third Progress Meeting
In September 2020 the four teams met to report on their progress on the projects and discuss the impact the COVID-19 pandemic has had to the projects and their teams. Future activities would also be affected so the originally planned closing conference in April 2021 has been put on hold until we have a clearer idea of the progress of the pandemic. Another progress meeting has been scheduled for January 2021 to accommodate current needs around the pandemic.
January 2021 - Fourth Progress Meeting
In January 2021 the four teams met to report on their progress as well as plan the closing conference. It has been decided to plan it as an online event for September 2021 with the possibility of it moving to a face to face or hybrid event hosted in London, should the developments of the pandemic allow it.
Scientific Workshops
26-27 September 2019 - First PII Scientific Workshop
The First PII Scientific Workshop will be hosted by London School of Economics. The keynote speakers will be Johanna Rickne (Yale University) and Italo Colantone (Bocconi University). Attendance to this workshop is by invitation only. You can access the programme of the Workshop here.
21-22 September 2021 - Final PII Scientific Workshop
The Final PII Scientific Workshop will be hosted online. The keynote speakers will be Silja Häusermann (University of Zurich) and Pascual Restrepo Mesa (Boston University). Attendance to this workshop is by invitation only. Programme to follow.
Papers
LSE Team
Frieder Mitsch, Neil Lee and Elizabeth Ralph-Morrow (2021), "Faith no more? The divergence of political trust between urban and rural Europe", Political Geography, 89, 102426 doi:10.1016/j.polgeo.2021.102426
Pawel Bukowski, Stephen Machin and David Soskice (2020), "Globalisation and Rent Sharing", Rebuilding Macroeconomics Working Paper
Robert Manduca, Maximilian Hell, Adrian Adermon, Jo Blanden, Espen Bratberg, Anne C. Gielen, Hans van Kippersluis, Keun Bok Lee, Stephen Machin, Martin D. Munk, Martin Nybom, Yuri Ostrovsky, Sumaiya Rahman, Outi Sirniö (2020), “Trends in Absolute Income Mobility in North America and Europe”, IZA DP No. 13456
Brian Bell, Pawel Bukowski, and Stephen Machin (2019), “Rent sharing and inclusive growth”. DIAL Working Paper No. 2 2020
Pawel Bukowski, and Filip Novokmet (2019), “Between Communism and Capitalism: Long-Term Inequality in Poland, 1892-2015”. DIAL Working Paper No. 1 2020
CReAM / UCL Team
Christian Dustmann, Attila Lindner, Uta Schönberg, Mattias Umkehrer and Philipp vom Berge (2020), "Reallocation Effects of the Minimum Wage: Evidence from Germany", CReAM Discussion Paper 07/20. Revision requested, Quarterly Journal of Economics
Michele Battisti, Christian Dustmann and Uta Schönberg (2020), "Technological and Organizational Change and the Careers of Workers". Working paper. Revision requested, Journal of the European Economic Association.
Alice Kügler, Uta Schönberg, Raghhild Schreiner (2018), “Productivity Growth, Wage Growth and Unions”. Price and Wage-Setting in Advanced Economies, European Central Bank Conference Proceedings
SOFI / Stockholm University Team
Anders Björklund and Markus Jäntti (2020), ”Hur viktig är familjebakgrunden för ekonomiska utfall? En jämförelse av fyra ansatser”, Ekonomisk Debatt årg 48:4, p.36-44.
Anders Björklund (2020), "Can We Really Rely on Income Distribution Statistics? Some Issues in the Swedish Data", DIAL Working Paper No. 7 2020
Hernrik Andersson and Sirus H Dehdari (2020), "Workplace Contact and Support for Anti-Immigration Parties", DIAL Working Paper No. 5 2020
Anders Björklund and Markus Jäntti (2019), “Intergenerational Mobility, Intergenerational Effects, Sibling Correlations and Equality of Opportunity: A comparison of four approaches”, forthcoming Research in Social Stratification and Mobility. Presented at the DIAL conference in Turku June 2019. Also published as DIAL Working Paper No. 17 2019
Sirus H Dehdari (2020), "Economic Distress and Support for Radical Right Parties - Evidence from Sweden", DIAL Working Paper No.15 2020, accepted on Comparative Political Studies
Norwegian University of Science and Technology Team
Erling Barth, Henning Finseraas, Anders Kjelsrud and Kalle Moene (2020), "Hit by the Silk Road How Wage Coordination in Europe Mitigates the China Shock", IZA DP No. 13259
Erling Barth, Henning Finseraas, Anders Kjelsrud and Kalle Moene (2021), "Does the Rise of China Lead to the Fall of European Welfare States?", IZA DP No. 14063
David Hope and Øyvind Skorge, "Unequal risks Households, gender, and right-wing populist support in Western Europe", Working paper (under review).
Finseraas, Henning. (2019) “Understanding the education gap in immigration preferences across countries over time: A decomposition approach”. Electoral Studies. vol. 61
Sebastian Ellingsen, Øystein Hernæs and Øyvind Skorge (2019), “Broadband and mass polarization: Evidence from a Norwegian reform”. Working paper
Henning Finseraas and Anthony Kevins (2019), “The Structure of Inequality and Support for Redistribution”. Working paper
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